Effect of copper on survival, osmoregulation, and gill structures of
freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii, de Man) at different development
stages
Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Biology, AirlanggaUniversity, Surabaya, Indonesia
Abstract
This study evaluated the acute toxicity of copper at different life stages
of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, to determine the effect of
sublethal copper concentration on osmoregulatory capacity (OC), to measure the
copper level in gills, and to investigate the effect of copper on the histological
change of the gills of adult prawns. The 24-, 48-, and 96-h medium lethal
concentration (LC50) of copper on M. rosenbergii increased
progressively along with the increasing life stage, from postlarvae, juvenile
to adult. The 24-, 48-, and 96-h LC50 values for copper were
higher at 0 ppt than those at 12 ppt for both juvenile and adult. After 7 d
exposure to 0.75 mg Cu L-1 at 0 and 12 ppt, the OC values of
exposed prawns were reduced by 12 and 47%, respectively, compared with control
animals. However, the OC value of prawns exposed to 0.5 mg Cu L-1 was
not significantly different from the OC value of control prawns both at 0 and
at 12 ppt. The copper concentrations on gill tissues increased significantly in
prawns exposed to copper both at 0 and at 12 ppt. After the copper exposure,
swelling of lamellae, multiple hyperplasia and necrosis were observed in gill
lamellae, resulting in abnormal gill tips. An obvious relation between the
impairment of osmoregulation and the structural damage of gills are reported in
this study. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
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